手把手指南:如何通过 OpenSea 零 GAS 创建 NFT?
The first way to make & sell Non-Fungible Tokens for free, without paying gas
[
For the last month, we’ve been testing a new technique for creating non-fungible tokens (NFTs) on OpenSea that eliminates the need for creators to pay gas. It’s the first truly-free NFT maker, and today it works directly on Ethereum.
NFT,全称为Non-Fungible Token,中文译作非同质化代币(通证)。NFT和其他代币的主要区别在于,每个NFT都是独一无二、不可分割的存在,比如,一个ETH可以分割成10个0.1 ETH进行交易,和另一个ETH也可以等同,但NFT不可拆分,一个NFT只能是一个NFT,同一类NFT之间也不可以等同。
随着基础设施的完善和市场走向乐观,以 NFT 形式封装的加密艺术兴起,不少艺术创作者借这股东风,名利双收。
然而,对于普通创作者而言,发行NFT并成功售出并非易事,不少已成名的加密艺术家也经历过漫长的等待期。特别是现在,以太坊网络Gas费用水涨船高,作品尚未售出,创作者就要付出不菲的作品上链成本,有时,这一成本比作品本身售出的价格还要高得多。
目前,我们处于以太坊 L2 尚未成熟和普及的阶段,而其他公链的共识程度不强,加密艺术的收藏家和消费者仍聚集于以太坊生态。
希望长期在加密艺术领域耕耘的创作者,通常会为自己的作品创建一个或多个Collections** (作品集);有了 Collections ,用户一旦钟意您的一个作品,就更方便去搜索或者被推荐同一收藏集的其他作品。为了便于理解,您可以将每个 Collection 视为现实世界中品牌一样的存在, 每个 Collection 都对应一个链上的独立合约,同一 Collection 的每一个 NFT 都是通过这个合约进行铸造,如 OpenSea 这样的 NFT 交易平台也是通过 Collection 进行分门别类;如果您没有创建 Collection,例如通过 Rarible 铸造了单独的 NFT,遵循默认选项 RARI,那么您的作品所隶属的 Collection 就是 RARI 的 Collection,而作品特征中自行填写的 Artist 只是附加信息,无法通用于所有 NFT 交易市场的分类。
While we already had some existing tools for developers and a no-code NFT minter as well, it required users to pay the gas to deploy a smart contract and then pay gas to mint each NFT. Gas is the fluctuating price that miners charge to write new data on a blockchain. The gas price of minting an NFT on any platform ranged from $2 on a calm day to $32 on a crazy day like today. If you’re an artist creating just ten NFTs per month, this would have cost you about $100 per month.
Today, we’re announcing the Collection Manager on OpenSea, allowing you to create your own NFTs completely for free, without paying any gas. Selling these NFTs is also gas-free — you just have to initialize your OpenSea account once.
为了满足加密艺术创作者的刚需,现有最大 NFT 交易平台 OpenSea 在12月29日正式推出的作品集管理器(Collection Manager),让创作者无须在作品售出前就花费上链成本,只有 NFT 被消费者买下或者转让时才需要支付 GAS 费用。
在此,我们基于 OpenSea 官方博客发布的教程,写了以下更易于圈外创作者和新人理解的手把手指南,注意,以下指南创建的是 ERC-1155 NFT,而非 ERC-721——
How does it work, and how do I use it?
The new collection manager allows creators to make NFTs without any upfront gas cost, as the NFT isn’t transferred on-chain until the first purchase or transfer is made.
We call this lazy minting. It unbundles the on-chain issuance of your NFTs from the metadata.
Even collections are now free and instant to make. To begin, create a new ERC-1155 collection at https://opensea.io/collections.
After you create a collection and select it, you’ll see an Edit button and an Add New Item button (pictured above).
Use the Edit button to:
- Configure your logos, social media links, and display settings
- Configure your commission that you take on primary or secondary sales
- Choose which currencies (including social tokens) you want to allow on your store
创建 Collections ( 作品集 )
第一步,前往 OpenSea 页面,连接 MetaMask 钱包(安装地址),创建 Collections (收藏集) :
[
](https://www.dappchaser.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-8-1024x632.png)[
](https://www.dappchaser.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-9.png)
[
](https://www.dappchaser.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-10.png)### 创建属于自己的 NFT 作品
[
](https://www.dappchaser.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/2-834x1024.png)
第二步,创建 作品集之后,选择该收藏集 , 您可以看到一个**Edit (编辑)按钮和一个 Add New Item (添加新物件)**按钮(如上图所示)。
使用Edit 按钮可以:
- 配置您的 Logo、社交媒体链接以及显示设置
- 配置 您在第一次和二次销售中收取的佣金
- 选择您的商店支持的货币类型(也包括社交代币)
Use **Add New Item **to create a new NFT.
When you create an NFT, you encode your address and its total supply in the token’s ID. That way, no one except you can mint more of them, and buyers can count on a hard cap on supply that’s enforced by code.
If you want to deploy your own contracts, manage the way they look on OpenSea, or set currencies and sale commissions for contracts you made on other platforms like Mintbase or Rarible, you can do that all through the same interface!
NFTs made with the Collection Manager follow the ERC-1155 standard, partly to help with gas-free minting and partly to help us add exciting features in the near future…
**Note: **Even before they exist on-chain, these NFTs can be sold on any platform. The smart contract returns the correct results for your balance of each NFT you make, publicly, and conforms to the ERC-1155 standard so they can be sold and transferred off-platform! Some reasons for selling them on OpenSea can be found here.
Add New Item 按钮可以帮您创建一个新的 NFT。
[
](https://www.dappchaser.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/3-1024x757.png)
创建一个新的 NFT。支持图片、视频、音像和 3D 模型文件等多种类型,文件大小上限为 100 MB。
创建NFT时,您会在 Token 的 ID 中对其地址和供应总量进行编码。这样一来,除您自己之外,没有人可以铸造更多的代币,而购买的用户可以通过代码计算出供应量的硬性上限。
如果您想部署自己的合约,管理它们在 OpenSea 上的表现形式,或者为您在其他平台(如 Mintbase 或 Rarible)上创建的合约设置货币和销售佣金,您可以通过同一个界面来完成这些工作!
使用收藏管理器制作的 NFT 遵循 ERC-1155 标准,一方面为了帮助无 GAS 铸币,另一方面是在不久的将来添加令人兴奋的功能……
注意:即使这些 NFT 尚未上链,依旧能在任意平台上销售。智能合约会返回您所创建的每一种 NFT 的正确余额,这都是公开的。至于为什么要在 OpenSea 上销售呢,可看这里。
如何让自己的收藏集通过验证?
[
](https://www.dappchaser.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/4.png)
当您第一次在 OpenSea 上创建作品集时,您的 NFT 将显示为未经验证,您的作品集将不会出现在搜索框或侧栏中(如以下两张图片所示)。
[
](https://www.dappchaser.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-12.png)
[
](https://www.dappchaser.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/image-11-1024x716.png)
要想让您的作品集通过验证,请在您的作品集上点击上面提到的 Edit 编辑按钮,滚动到底部,然后点击提交进行验证。OpenSea 团队可能需要一天的时间才能验证您的作品,但是一旦 OpenSea 团队确认您的作品符合我们的服务条款,并且不是复制他人的作品,他们就会通过您的作品集验证 ,您将会收到一封邮件通知。
[
](https://www.dappchaser.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/5-1024x959.png)
作品集管理器的其他功能
Other features of the Collection Manager
Aside from making NFT creation free and instantaneous, the Collection Manager has a couple other new features:
- Collections are now multiplayer! Every authorized editor can create new items, in addition to changing settings on the collection.
- The Payouts page has been rebuilt and redesigned. Now you can more easily see all the secondary payments you’re due and how much commission you’ve earned from each NFT sale or bundle sale.
除了NFT创建免费和即时,作品集管理器还有其他一些新功能:
作品集支持多人管理,得到授权的编辑者都可以创新新的项目(即隶属于该作品集的单个NFT),也可以更改作品集的设置。
支付页面已经重建并重新设计。现在,您不仅可以更轻松地看到您应支付的所有二次付款,还可以看到您从每次 NFT 销售或捆绑销售中获得的佣金。
Results of the November Beta: $400/creator
为了解决问题并改进新的无GAS收集管理器,我们在一个月内将其发布给了有限的受众。
仅使用 ERC1155 铸币机的想法引起了公众的极大兴趣。30 天后,80 位不同的创作者免费制作了 1000 多个 NFT,在 506 次销售中产生了 58 ETH 的收入,测试人员当月平均赚取 400 美元。
一位创作者为慈善事业制作了 12 ETH ,两位著名的加密 艺术家将收藏品转移到了新的收藏品经理处。
To iron out the kinks and refine the new gas-free collection manager, we released it to a limited audience over the course of a month.
The idea of just an ERC1155 minter received substantial public interest. Thirty days later, 80 distinct creators made over 1000 NFTs for free, generating 58 ETH in revenue over 506 sales, with testers earning $400 on average that month.
One creator made 12 ETH for charity, and two prominent crypto artists moved collections over to the new collection manager.
Why are we doing this?
虽然今天的很多加密货币只是关于货币投机,但 NFT 艺术市场是独立且真实的。
仅在 2020 年下半年,艺术 NFT和用户创建内容的销售量就从每月 100 万美元增长到每月超过 2000 万美元。在短短六个月内增长了 20 倍。
While a lot of crypto today is merely about currency speculation, the NFT art market is independent and real.
In just the second half of 2020, the volume of artistic NFTs and user-created content sold has grown from $1 million per month to over $20 million per month. That’s a 20x increase in just six months.
艺术品卖家的数量增长了 500% 以上,从 6 月的 1,395 人增加到今天的 8,770 多人。
其他一些最近的统计数据:
- 在过去六个月中,艺术 NFT卖家平均为每位用户 9.7 ETH。以 650 美元/ETH 的汇率,低于今天的汇率,超过 1000 美元/钱包/月。
- 仅就他们自己的 NFT 而言,创作者在过去六个月中平均卖出了 5.4 ETH(超过 3,500 美元)。仅在艺术类别中,每位艺术家平均售出 9.7 ETH(6,300 美元)。(初级艺术品卖家平均为 7.4 ETH,二级艺术品为 9.1 ETH。)
- 在过去的 6 个月里,45 位不同的艺术家的作品一手销售额均超过了 100 ETH。这些超级艺术家的平均每月销售额为 44 ETH,即 每位艺术家每月在他们自己作品的主要销售中超过 28,000 美元。对于这个精英群体来说,这就像拥有每年 34 万美元的薪水。
- 现在有12 位 NFT 百万富翁,或钱包已售出超过 100 万美元的 NFT,其中Sorare以 600 万美元的价格夺得桂冠。一位 NFT 交易员声称从 600 美元的存款中赚取了 650,000 美元。
一个全新的行业刚刚诞生,除了有趣、安全和对流行病友好之外,它还非常公平。现在,无论您身在何处、说哪种语言或可以访问哪种银行基础设施,您都可以创建可行的创意业务。
您所需要的只是创造力和互联网。
The number of art sellers has grown over 500%, from 1,395 in June to over 8,770 today.
A few other recent statistics:
- Art NFT sellers have averaged 9.7 ETH per user over the past six months. At the exchange rate of $650/ETH, lower than today’s rate, that’s over $1000 / wallet / month.
- For just their own NFTs, creators have sold 5.4 ETH (over $3,500) on average over the past six months. In just the Art category, 9.7 ETH ($6,300) was sold per artist on average. (Primary art sellers averaged 7.4 ETH, and secondaries were 9.1 ETH.)
- In just the past 6 months, 45 different artists have each exceeded 100 ETH in primary sales of their artwork. These super-artists averaged 44 ETH of sales per month, or over $28,000 per month per artist in primary sales of their own work. For this elite group, it’s like having a salary of $340k per year.
- There are now 12 NFT millionaires, or wallets have sold over $1 million USD in NFTs, with Sorare taking the crown at $6 million. One NFT trader claims to have grossed $650,000 from just a $600 deposit.
An entirely new industry has just been born, and on top of being fun, safe, and pandemic-friendly, it’s remarkably equitable. You can now create a viable creative business no matter where you are, which language you speak, or which banking infrastructure you have access to.
All you need is creativity and the internet.
原文:https://blog.opensea.io/announcements/introducing-the-collection-manager(作者:ALEX ATALLAH,OpenSea 联合创始人兼 CTO)